Biết là bài tập này vốn là bài tập cơ bản của C++ rồi, nhưng vì một số lý do cá nhân nên tớ chả biết gì mà làm :) Các bác nào hảo tâm thì xin bỏ ra mấy phút làm giúp tớ nha :) Xin cảm ơn
... lớp DANHSACH bao gồm nhiều học sinh à? Thế cái lớp DANHSACH này là cho 1 lớp hay cho 1 trường? Có size cố định sẵn ko? Ví dụ 1 DANHSACH bao gồm tối đa 20 hs, 30 hs, 50 hs, hay là lúc khởi tạo mới biết kích cỡ? thuộc tính HOTEN DIACHI bạn muốn là string hay character array? string thì code đơn giản còn character array thì rối rắm phức tạp, nhưng nếu là lớp cơ sở dữ liệu thì ít ai xài string... tương tự NGAYSINH SDT cũng là string hay là số? Tốt hơn nên là string mặc dù NGAYSINH và SDT toàn số phương thức nhập dữ liệu lớp DANHSACH: cần thêm kiểm tra HOTEN DIACHI NGAYSINH SDT hợp lý ko? phương thức hiển thị thông tin học sinh: có cần đúng cột cho mỗi hs ko? Đúng cột hơi mất thời gian vì chả biết độ dài họ tên và địa chỉ của mỗi hs dài ngắn ra sao ~.~ Và cuối cùng là mình có được toàn quyền thêm thắt vài phương thức và thuộc tính để dễ điều khiển lớp DANHSACH ko? Nếu toàn quyền thì sẽ như thế này Compile bằng VC++ Express 2008 (mấy compiler cũ hơn thì có vài lỗi nhỏ...) Documentation (chú thích): chưa có Lớp BANGDIEM từ từ... để xem DANHSACH được chưa đã DanhSach.h [spoil] Mã: #include <iostream> using namespace std; #ifndef DANHSACH_H #define DANHSACH_H #ifndef _STRINGS_SIZES #define _STRINGS_SIZES #define HOTEN_SIZE 41 #define NGAYSINH_SIZE 11 #define DIACHI_SIZE 81 #define SODT_SIZE 21 #define BUFFER_SIZE 101 #endif class DanhSach { private: int soHSToiDa; int tongSoHS; int *maHS; char **hoTen; char **ngaySinh; char **diaChi; char **soDT; public: friend ostream& operator<<(ostream&, const DanhSach&); //Dung nhu phuong thuc hien thi HS DanhSach(int soHSToiDa = 20); ~DanhSach(); void nhapThongTinHS(); void sapXepTangDanHoTen(); private: bool isNumericString(const char *str); void getStringInput(char *buffer, const int _BUFFER_SIZE, const char* label, const int _STRING_LENGTH); }; #endif [/spoil] DanhSach.cpp [spoil] Mã: #include "DanhSach.h" #pragma warning (disable:4996) #pragma warning (disable:4018) //--------------------------------------------------------- DanhSach::DanhSach(int soHSToiDa) { this->soHSToiDa = soHSToiDa; tongSoHS = 0; maHS = new int[soHSToiDa]; hoTen = new char*[soHSToiDa]; ngaySinh = new char*[soHSToiDa]; diaChi = new char*[soHSToiDa]; soDT = new char*[soHSToiDa]; for (int i = 0; i < soHSToiDa; i++) { maHS[i] = 0; hoTen[i] = new char[HOTEN_SIZE]; hoTen[i][0] = '\0'; ngaySinh[i] = new char[NGAYSINH_SIZE]; ngaySinh[i][0] = '\0'; diaChi[i] = new char[DIACHI_SIZE]; diaChi[i][0] = '\0'; soDT[i] = new char[SODT_SIZE]; soDT[i][0] = '\0'; } } //--------------------------------------------------------- DanhSach::~DanhSach() { delete [] maHS; for (int i = 0; i < soHSToiDa; i++) { delete [] hoTen[i]; delete [] ngaySinh[i]; delete [] diaChi[i]; delete [] soDT[i]; } delete [] hoTen; delete [] ngaySinh; delete [] diaChi; delete [] soDT; } //--------------------------------------------------------- ostream& operator<<(ostream& strm, const DanhSach& rhs) { for (int i = 0; i < rhs.tongSoHS; i++) { strm << rhs.maHS[i] << " - " << rhs.hoTen[i] << " - " << rhs.ngaySinh[i] << " - " << rhs.diaChi[i] << " - " << "DT: " << rhs.soDT[i] << endl; } return strm; } //--------------------------------------------------------- void DanhSach::nhapThongTinHS() { char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE]; char tiepTuc = 'y'; int maHSTamThoi; bool maHSLoi; while (tongSoHS < soHSToiDa && toupper(tiepTuc) == 'Y') { cout << "Ma hoc sinh: "; cin.getline(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE); while (!isNumericString(buffer)) { cout << "Ma hoc sinh khong hop le. Vui long nhap lai.\n"; cout << "Ma hoc sinh: "; cin.getline(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE); } maHSLoi = false; maHSTamThoi = atoi(buffer); if (maHSTamThoi == 0) { maHSLoi = true; } else { for (int i = 0; i < tongSoHS; i++) { if (maHSTamThoi == maHS[i]) { maHSLoi = true; break; } } } if (maHSLoi) { cout << "Hoc sinh da co trong danh sach hoac ma hoc sinh khong hop le.\n"; } else { maHS[tongSoHS] = maHSTamThoi; getStringInput(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, "Ho ten", HOTEN_SIZE); strncpy(hoTen[tongSoHS], buffer, HOTEN_SIZE); getStringInput(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, "Ngay sinh", NGAYSINH_SIZE); strncpy(ngaySinh[tongSoHS], buffer, NGAYSINH_SIZE); getStringInput(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, "Dia chi", DIACHI_SIZE); strncpy(diaChi[tongSoHS], buffer, DIACHI_SIZE); getStringInput(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, "So dien thoai", SODT_SIZE); strncpy(soDT[tongSoHS], buffer, SODT_SIZE); tongSoHS++; cout << "\n... Da luu hoc sinh " << this->hoTen[tongSoHS - 1]; cout << "\nTiep tuc?(y/n) "; cin >> tiepTuc; cin.ignore(); cout << endl; } } } //--------------------------------------------------------- void DanhSach::sapXepTangDanHoTen() { int startScan, minIndex; int maHSTamThoi; char hoTenTamThoi[HOTEN_SIZE]; char ngaySinhTamThoi[NGAYSINH_SIZE]; char diaChiTamThoi[DIACHI_SIZE]; char soDTTamThoi[SODT_SIZE]; for (startScan = 0; startScan < (tongSoHS - 1); startScan++) { minIndex = startScan; strncpy(hoTenTamThoi, this->hoTen[startScan], HOTEN_SIZE); for (int index = startScan + 1; index < tongSoHS; index++) { if (strcmp(this->hoTen[index], hoTenTamThoi) < 0) { strncpy(hoTenTamThoi, this->hoTen[index], HOTEN_SIZE); minIndex = index; } } maHSTamThoi = this->maHS[minIndex]; strncpy(ngaySinhTamThoi, this->ngaySinh[minIndex], NGAYSINH_SIZE); strncpy(diaChiTamThoi, this->diaChi[minIndex], DIACHI_SIZE); strncpy(soDTTamThoi, this->soDT[minIndex], SODT_SIZE); this->maHS[minIndex] = this->maHS[startScan]; strncpy(this->hoTen[minIndex], this->hoTen[startScan], HOTEN_SIZE); strncpy(this->ngaySinh[minIndex], this->ngaySinh[startScan], NGAYSINH_SIZE); strncpy(this->diaChi[minIndex], this->diaChi[startScan], DIACHI_SIZE); strncpy(this->soDT[minIndex], this->soDT[startScan], SODT_SIZE); this->maHS[startScan] = maHSTamThoi; strncpy(this->hoTen[startScan], hoTenTamThoi, HOTEN_SIZE); strncpy(this->ngaySinh[startScan], ngaySinhTamThoi, NGAYSINH_SIZE); strncpy(this->diaChi[startScan], diaChiTamThoi, DIACHI_SIZE); strncpy(this->soDT[startScan], soDTTamThoi, SODT_SIZE); } } //--------------------------------------------------------- // PHUONG THUC PHU TRO //--------------------------------------------------------- bool DanhSach::isNumericString(const char *str) { for (int i = 0; i < strlen(str); ++i) { if (str[i] < '0' || str[i] > '9') { return false; } } return true; } //--------------------------------------------------------- void DanhSach::getStringInput(char *buffer, const int _BUFFER_SIZE, const char* label, const int _STRING_LENGTH) { cout << label << ": "; cin.getline(buffer, _BUFFER_SIZE); while (strlen(buffer) >= _STRING_LENGTH) { cout << label << " qua dai. Xin nhap " << (char)tolower(label[0]) << (label + 1) << " ngan hon.\n"; cout << label << ": "; cin.getline(buffer, _BUFFER_SIZE); } } [/spoil] Mới là test driver để test thử xem mấy functions của class có work ko TestDanhSach.cpp [spoil] Mã: #include <iostream> #include "DanhSach.h" using namespace std; #define SOHSTOIDA 50 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { //khoi tao danh sach DanhSach lopA(SOHSTOIDA); //hien thi tat ca thong tin hoc sinh trong danh sach cout << "lopA:\n" << lopA << endl; //nhap du lieu hoc sinh cout << endl; lopA.nhapThongTinHS(); //xem lai tat ca hoc sinh trong danh sach cout << endl; cout << "lopA:\n" << lopA << endl; //sap xep theo thu tu tang dan ho ten cout << endl; lopA.sapXepTangDanHoTen(); //xem lai tat ca hoc sinh trong danh sach cout << endl; cout << "lopA:\n" << lopA << endl; return 0; } [/spoil]
BangDiem.h [spoil] Mã: #include <iostream> using namespace std; #ifndef BANGDIEM_H #define BANGDIEM_H #ifndef _STRINGS_SIZES #define _STRINGS_SIZES #define HOTEN_SIZE 41 #define BUFFER_SIZE 101 #endif class BangDiem { private: int soHSToiDa; int tongSoHS; int *maHS; char **hoTen; double *diemToan; double *diemHoa; double *diemLy; double *diemSinh; double *diemAnh; double *diemKT; double *diemTB; int *xepLoai; public: friend ostream& operator<<(ostream&, const BangDiem&); enum NhomHS { XuatSac, Gioi, Kha, TB, Yeu, Kem }; BangDiem(int soHSToiDa = 20); ~BangDiem(); void nhapDiemHS(); void sapXepTangDanDiemTB(); void hienThiNhom(NhomHS nhom); private: bool isNumericString(const char *str); void getStringInput(char *buffer, const int _BUFFER_SIZE, const char* label, const int _STRING_LENGTH); bool hasUDoubleFormat(const char *str); bool hasLessThanNDecimalPlaces(const char *str, int decimaPlaces); void getUDoubleInput(double &output, const char* label, double min, double max); }; #endif [/spoil] BangDiem.cpp [spoil] Mã: #include "BangDiem.h" #include <iomanip> #pragma warning (disable:4996) #pragma warning (disable:4018) //--------------------------------------------------------- BangDiem::BangDiem(int soHSToiDa) { this->soHSToiDa = soHSToiDa; tongSoHS = 0; maHS = new int[soHSToiDa]; hoTen = new char*[soHSToiDa]; diemToan = new double[soHSToiDa]; diemHoa = new double[soHSToiDa]; diemLy = new double[soHSToiDa]; diemSinh = new double[soHSToiDa]; diemAnh = new double[soHSToiDa]; diemKT = new double[soHSToiDa]; diemTB = new double[soHSToiDa]; xepLoai = new int[soHSToiDa]; for (int i = 0; i < soHSToiDa; i++) { maHS[i] = 0; hoTen[i] = new char[HOTEN_SIZE]; hoTen[i][0] = '\0'; diemToan[i] = 0.0; diemHoa[i] = 0.0; diemLy[i] = 0.0; diemSinh[i] = 0.0; diemAnh[i] = 0.0; diemKT[i] = 0.0; } } //--------------------------------------------------------- BangDiem::~BangDiem() { delete [] maHS; for (int i = 0; i < soHSToiDa; i++) { delete [] hoTen[i]; } delete [] hoTen; delete [] diemToan; delete [] diemHoa; delete [] diemLy; delete [] diemSinh; delete [] diemAnh; delete [] diemKT; delete [] diemTB; delete [] xepLoai; } //--------------------------------------------------------- ostream& operator<<(ostream& strm, const BangDiem&rhs) { for (int i = 0; i < rhs.tongSoHS; i++) { strm << setw(3) << rhs.maHS[i] << " - " << left << setw(40) << rhs.hoTen[i] << " - " << fixed << setprecision(1) << right << setw(4) << rhs.diemToan[i] << " " << setw(4) << rhs.diemHoa[i] << " " << setw(4) << rhs.diemLy[i] << " " << setw(4) << rhs.diemSinh[i] << " " << setw(4) << rhs.diemAnh[i] << " " << setw(4) << rhs.diemKT[i] << " " << "DTB: " << setw(4) << rhs.diemTB[i] << " " << "XL: "; if (rhs.xepLoai[i] == 0) strm << "Xuat sac"; else if (rhs.xepLoai[i] == 1) strm << "Gioi"; else if (rhs.xepLoai[i] == 2) strm << "Kha"; else if (rhs.xepLoai[i] == 3) strm << "TB"; else if (rhs.xepLoai[i] == 4) strm << "Yeu"; else if (rhs.xepLoai[i] == 5) strm << "Kem"; strm << endl; } return strm; } //--------------------------------------------------------- void BangDiem::nhapDiemHS() { char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE]; char tiepTuc = 'y'; int maHSTamThoi; bool maHSLoi; while (tongSoHS < soHSToiDa && toupper(tiepTuc) == 'Y') { cout << "Ma hoc sinh: "; cin.getline(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE); while (!isNumericString(buffer)) { cout << "Ma hoc sinh khong hop le. Vui long nhap lai.\n"; cout << "Ma hoc sinh: "; cin.getline(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE); } maHSLoi = false; maHSTamThoi = atoi(buffer); if (maHSTamThoi == 0) { maHSLoi = true; } else { for (int i = 0; i < tongSoHS; i++) { if (maHSTamThoi == maHS[i]) { maHSLoi = true; break; } } } if (maHSLoi) { cout << "Hoc sinh da co trong danh sach hoac ma hoc sinh khong hop le.\n"; } else { maHS[tongSoHS] = maHSTamThoi; getStringInput(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, "Ho ten", HOTEN_SIZE); strncpy(hoTen[tongSoHS], buffer, HOTEN_SIZE); getUDoubleInput(diemToan[tongSoHS], "Diem toan", 0.0, 10.0); getUDoubleInput(diemHoa[tongSoHS], "Diem hoa", 0.0, 10.0); getUDoubleInput(diemLy[tongSoHS], "Diem ly", 0.0, 10.0); getUDoubleInput(diemSinh[tongSoHS], "Diem sinh", 0.0, 10.0); getUDoubleInput(diemAnh[tongSoHS], "Diem Anh", 0.0, 10.0); getUDoubleInput(diemKT[tongSoHS], "Diem ky thuat", 0.0, 10.0); diemTB[tongSoHS] = (diemToan[tongSoHS] + diemHoa[tongSoHS] + diemLy[tongSoHS] + diemSinh[tongSoHS] + diemAnh[tongSoHS] + diemKT[tongSoHS]) / 6.0; if (diemTB[tongSoHS] >= 9.0) xepLoai[tongSoHS] = 0; else if (diemTB[tongSoHS] >= 8.0) xepLoai[tongSoHS] = 1; else if (diemTB[tongSoHS] >= 7.0) xepLoai[tongSoHS] = 2; else if (diemTB[tongSoHS] >= 6.0) xepLoai[tongSoHS] = 3; else if (diemTB[tongSoHS] >= 5.0) xepLoai[tongSoHS] = 4; else xepLoai[tongSoHS] = 5; tongSoHS++; cout << "\n... Da luu hoc sinh " << this->hoTen[tongSoHS - 1]; cout << "\nTiep tuc?(y/n) "; cin >> tiepTuc; cin.ignore(); cout << endl; } } } //--------------------------------------------------------- void BangDiem::sapXepTangDanDiemTB() { int startScan, minIndex; int maHSTamThoi; char hoTenTamThoi[HOTEN_SIZE]; double diemToanTamThoi; double diemHoaTamThoi; double diemLyTamThoi; double diemSinhTamThoi; double diemAnhTamThoi; double diemKTTamThoi; double diemTBTamThoi; // int xepLoaiTamThoi; for (startScan = 0; startScan < (tongSoHS - 1); startScan++) { minIndex = startScan; diemTBTamThoi = this->diemTB[startScan]; for (int index = startScan + 1; index < tongSoHS; index++) { if (this->diemTB[index] < diemTBTamThoi) { diemTBTamThoi = this->diemTB[index]; minIndex = index; } } maHSTamThoi = this->maHS[minIndex]; strncpy(hoTenTamThoi, this->hoTen[minIndex], HOTEN_SIZE); diemToanTamThoi = this->diemToan[minIndex]; diemHoaTamThoi = this->diemHoa[minIndex]; diemLyTamThoi = this->diemLy[minIndex]; diemSinhTamThoi = this->diemSinh[minIndex]; diemAnhTamThoi = this->diemAnh[minIndex]; diemKTTamThoi = this->diemKT[minIndex]; xepLoaiTamThoi = this->xepLoai[minIndex]; this->maHS[minIndex] = this->maHS[startScan]; strncpy(this->hoTen[minIndex], this->hoTen[startScan], HOTEN_SIZE); this->diemToan[minIndex] = this->diemToan[startScan]; this->diemHoa[minIndex] = this->diemHoa[startScan]; this->diemLy[minIndex] = this->diemLy[startScan]; this->diemSinh[minIndex] = this->diemSinh[startScan]; this->diemAnh[minIndex] = this->diemAnh[startScan]; this->diemKT[minIndex] = this->diemKT[startScan]; this->diemTB[minIndex] = this->diemTB[startScan]; this->xepLoai[minIndex] = this->xepLoai[startScan]; this->maHS[startScan] = maHSTamThoi; strncpy(this->hoTen[startScan], hoTenTamThoi, HOTEN_SIZE); this->diemToan[startScan] = diemToanTamThoi; this->diemHoa[startScan] = diemHoaTamThoi; this->diemLy[startScan] = diemLyTamThoi; this->diemSinh[startScan] = diemSinhTamThoi; this->diemAnh[startScan] = diemAnhTamThoi; this->diemKT[startScan] = diemKTTamThoi; this->diemTB[startScan] = diemTBTamThoi; this->xepLoai[startScan] = xepLoaiTamThoi; } } //--------------------------------------------------------- void BangDiem::hienThiNhom(NhomHS nhom) { for (int i = 0; i < tongSoHS; i++) { if (xepLoai[i] == nhom) { cout << setw(3) << maHS[i] << " - " << left << setw(40) << hoTen[i] << " - " << fixed << setprecision(1) << right << setw(4) << diemToan[i] << " " << setw(4) << diemHoa[i] << " " << setw(4) << diemLy[i] << " " << setw(4) << diemSinh[i] << " " << setw(4) << diemAnh[i] << " " << setw(4) << diemKT[i] << " " << "DTB: " << setw(4) << diemTB[i] << " " << "XL: "; if (xepLoai[i] == 0) cout << "Xuat sac"; else if (xepLoai[i] == 1) cout << "Gioi"; else if (xepLoai[i] == 2) cout << "Kha"; else if (xepLoai[i] == 3) cout << "TB"; else if (xepLoai[i] == 4) cout << "Yeu"; else if (xepLoai[i] == 5) cout << "Kem"; cout << endl; } } } //--------------------------------------------------------- // PHUONG THUC PHU TRO //--------------------------------------------------------- bool BangDiem::isNumericString(const char *str) { for (int i = 0; i < strlen(str); ++i) { if (str[i] < '0' || str[i] > '9') { return false; } } return true; } //--------------------------------------------------------- void BangDiem::getStringInput(char *buffer, const int _BUFFER_SIZE, const char* label, const int _STRING_LENGTH) { cout << label << ": "; cin.getline(buffer, _BUFFER_SIZE); while (strlen(buffer) >= _STRING_LENGTH) { cout << label << " qua dai. Xin nhap " << (char)tolower(label[0]) << (label + 1) << " ngan hon.\n"; cout << label << ": "; cin.getline(buffer, _BUFFER_SIZE); } } //--------------------------------------------------------- bool BangDiem::hasUDoubleFormat(const char *str) { bool hasDecimalPoint = false; for (const char *ptr = str; *ptr != 0; ++ptr) { if (*ptr < '0' || *ptr > '9') { if (*ptr == '.' && !hasDecimalPoint) { hasDecimalPoint = true; } else { return false; } } } return true; } //--------------------------------------------------------- bool BangDiem::hasLessThanNDecimalPlaces(const char *str, int decimaPlaces) { if (!hasUDoubleFormat(str)) { return false; } if (isNumericString(str)) //integer has .00 decimal places { return true; } int dotPos; //decimal point position for (dotPos = 0; *(str + dotPos) != '\0'; ++dotPos) { if (*(str + dotPos) == '.') { break; } } if (strlen(str) - 1 - dotPos > decimaPlaces) { return false; } return true; } //--------------------------------------------------------- void BangDiem::getUDoubleInput(double &output, const char* label, double min, double max) { char tempDouble[40]; double result = 0; cout << label << ": "; cin.getline(tempDouble, 40); while (!hasLessThanNDecimalPlaces(tempDouble, 1)) { cout << "ERROR: " << label << " co chua ky tu khong phai la so thap phan hoac co hon 1 so le\n"; cout << label << ": "; cin.getline(tempDouble, 40); } result = atof(tempDouble); while (result < min && result > max) { cout << "ERROR: " << label << " qua lon hoac qua be.\n"; cout << label << ": "; cin.getline(tempDouble, 40); while (!hasLessThanNDecimalPlaces(tempDouble, 1)) { cout << "ERROR: " << label << " co chua ky tu khong phai la so thap phan.\n"; cout << label << ": "; cin.getline(tempDouble, 40); } result = atof(tempDouble); } output = result; } //--------------------------------------------------------- [/spoil] TestBangDiem.cpp [spoil] Mã: #include <iostream> #include "BangDiem.h" using namespace std; #define SOHSTOIDA 50 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { //khoi tao danh sach BangDiem lopB(SOHSTOIDA); //hien thi tat ca thong tin hoc sinh trong bang diem cout << "lopB:\n" << lopB << endl; //nhap du lieu hoc sinh cout << endl; lopB.nhapDiemHS(); //xem lai tat ca hoc sinh trong bang diem cout << endl; cout << "lopB:\n" << lopB << endl; //sap xep theo thu tu tang dan ho ten cout << endl; lopB.sapXepTangDanDiemTB(); //xem lai tat ca hoc sinh trong bang diem cout << endl; cout << "lopB:\n" << lopB << endl; //hien thi tat ca hoc sinh xuat sac cout << endl; lopB.hienThiNhom(BangDiem::XuatSac); //hien thi tat ca hoc sinh gioi cout << endl; lopB.hienThiNhom(BangDiem::Gioi); //hien thi tat ca hoc sinh kha cout << endl; lopB.hienThiNhom(BangDiem::Kha); //hien thi tat ca hoc sinh TB cout << endl; lopB.hienThiNhom(BangDiem::TB); //hien thi tat ca hoc sinh kem cout << endl; lopB.hienThiNhom(BangDiem::Kem); //hien thi tat ca hoc sinh yeu cout << endl; lopB.hienThiNhom(BangDiem::Yeu); return 0; } [/spoil]
